The Law of Moses

Explore the Ten Commandments

• 1st Commandment
•  2nd Commandment
•  3rd Commandment
•  4th Commandment 
•  5th Commandment
•  6th Commandment
•  7th Commandment
•  8th Commandment
•  9th Commandment
• 10th Commandment

Exodus 20:12 (CJB)

 “Honor your father and mother, so that you may live long in the land which Adonai your God is giving you.” 

In the cultural context of the ancient Near East, family was the foundational unit of society, and honoring one’s parents was essential to maintaining social order, inheritance rights, and generational continuity. Elders were seen as carriers of wisdom, tradition, and authority, and their role in preserving communal stability was highly valued. In contrast to modern Western individualism, ancient Hebrew culture emphasized intergenerational responsibility, where children were expected not only to obey but to respect, care for, and uphold the dignity of their parents—especially in old age. The fifth commandment affirmed this deep cultural value but rooted it specifically in covenant loyalty to God. By honoring father and mother, individuals also honored the divine order of the household, which reflected God's authority. The promise of a long life in the land wasn't just personal—it was communal, reinforcing that stable, respectful family relationships were crucial for the health and longevity of the entire nation. 

A common misconception about the fifth commandment is that it simply means obeying one’s parents during childhood. However, the commandment calls for honoring parents throughout life, which includes respect, care, and valuing their role as foundational figures in family and society. Another misunderstanding is that this commandment is only about personal family relationships without broader implications. In truth, honoring parents is tied to the well-being and stability of the entire community, as reflected in the promise of long life in the land God gives. Some also think this commandment only applies in traditional family structures, but the underlying principle is about respecting authority and maintaining covenantal relationships that mirror the respect due to God. Clarity comes from understanding that this commandment promotes both social order and spiritual faithfulness, ensuring that families and communities thrive under God’s guidance.